1. Unfortunately, things like radio waves don't exist yet either. The world doesn't understand long-distance communication as a whole, so the exact method being used doesn't make a difference. Character may still try different methods in an attempt to convince the world what should work, however, and with persistence may have limited results. For example, repeatedly attempting to send the same text message may eventually result in part of the message going through, a garbled message, or a blank notification.

2. The rules of light still apply and exist independently of technology! So that means devices that produce light will still do so, as light has nothing to do with a device having power or not.

3. We're pretty sure that's just a funny looking Poke Ball! Yes, it would function the same way, as would any handheld device that has a similar function.